Bioremediation of Oil Spill

At present, petroleum hydrocarbon is one of the most serious Abstract: environmental problem. Oil spill occurring accidently in the ocean during transportation or other working places like refineries causes great threat to the flora and fauna existing nearby. Modern methods of remediation such as incineration, land filling, burning, etc. are expensive as well as their byproducts produced are often toxic. Bioremediation stands as a substitute for petroleum hydrocarbon treatment in terms of efficiency, long term safety and environment friendly. It utilises the biological agents such as microorganisms and plants for complete degradation of complex organic compounds into simpler organic and inorganic compounds. Modern technique of biotechnology exploits the microorganisms metabolically degrading capabilities to degrade the hydrocarbon at a faster rate through genetic engineering to tolerate the external environmental parameters. However, there are only few achievements and still we have to go far away in this regard